Modification of Carbon Fiber Surfaces Using Dopamine
Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 1003-1014,
Mar. 2023
10.1007/s12221-023-00082-2
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Abstract
Carbon fi bers are surface-inert materials. Therefore, their surfaces must be activated if they are to be used as reinforcing
agents in resin matrix composites. In this paper, the mechanism of dopamine (DA)-modifying carbon fi ber surfaces and the
infl uence of modifi cation conditions on the modifi cation eff ect were explored. The results showed that carbonyl and ester
groups on the surfaces of carbon fi bers can react with the primary amine in DA or polydopamine (PDA) by nucleophilic
addition, and that is a Schiff base reaction, which introduces DA or PDA molecules onto the surfaces of the carbon fi bers by
chemical bonding. The existence of 밅=O functional groups on the surfaces of the carbon fi bers were benefi cial to chemical
bonding between DA or PDA molecules and the surfaces of the carbon fi bers. The diff erence in the physical structures of
the carbon fi ber surfaces had no signifi cant eff ect on the DA-modifi ed carbon fi bers. The modifi cation eff ect was positively
related to DA relative concentration, oxidant dosage, modifi cation temperature, and modifi cation time. The hydrophilicity
and interfacial shear strength of the modifi ed carbon fi bers were obviously improved after modifi cation. When the concentration
of DA hydrochloride was fi xed at 2 g/L, the optimized process using the single-variable method was as follows. The
concentration of NaIO 4 was 2 g/L, and the mass ratio of DA to CF was 0.2, and the modifi cation temperature and time were
70 째C and 15 min, respectively. After applying the optimized modifi cation conditions, the grafting rate of PDA on carbon
fi bers reached 1.38wt% and the contact angle of the carbon fi bers with the water was reduced from 85.63째 to 60.13째. The
interfacial shear strength between the modifi ed carbon fi bers and epoxy resin E51 reached 63.97 MPa, which was 43.59%
higher than that of untreated carbon fi bers. The modifi cation process had almost no eff ect on the tensile strength of the
modifi ed carbon fi bers.
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Cite this article
[IEEE Style]
Z. Sun, C. Ma, A. Gao, Y. Wang, "Modification of Carbon Fiber Surfaces Using Dopamine," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 1003-1014, 2023. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-023-00082-2.
[ACM Style]
Zhong-xiao Sun, Chong-pan Ma, Ai-jun Gao, and Yu Wang. 2023. Modification of Carbon Fiber Surfaces Using Dopamine. Fibers and Polymers, 24, 3, (2023), 1003-1014. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-023-00082-2.