Optical Properties of Excavated Funeral Ode Fibers from the Tomb of Gwon Goeng (1494−1563)
Vol. 54, No. 6, pp. 412-420,
Dec. 2017
10.12772/TSE.2017.54.412
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Abstract
Since the 1980s, paper relics, including funeral odes, have been excavated during the process of urbanization, including land development and change of burial sites. However, these relics are extremely difficult to study because they are seriously damaged and may not be in their original shape. For safe conservation and restoration of such excavated paper relics, it is important to accurately characterize their fibers through appropriate scientific analyses. This study details optical analyses using stereoscopic microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), conducted on the paper fibers of seven funeral odes excavated from the burial site of Gwon Goeng (1494−1563). They were excavated from Gagoli, Pungcheonmyeon, and Andongsi in Gyeongsangbugdo, Korea, in March 2017. The investigation revealed that these materials are extensively damaged by pollution, hardening, and molds. Microscopic analysis showed that all the paper fibers of the funeral odes had a transparent membrane, suffered dislocation, and had cross-markings that are distinctive characteristics of paper mulberry bast fibers. SEM-EDS analysis of the foreign substances found between the fibers showed that these fibers comprise 14 different kinds of elements such as carbon, oxygen, calcium, sodium, and iron. The purpose of this study is to report on the kind of paper materials used in funeral odes during the middle Joseon period.
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