Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Re-entrant Pattern with Various Hardness Types of TPU Filament Manufactured through FDM 3D Printing
Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 166-176,
Jun. 2020
10.12772/TSE.2020.57.166
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Abstract
This paper reports the development of an auxetic re-entrant (RE) pattern based
on fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technology and the characterization of
the mechanical properties of the samples. In addition, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)
filaments of different hardness, i.e., 85A_TPU, 87A_TPU, 95A_TPU, and 75D_TPU, were used
for the FDM 3D printed RE pattern and analyzed. We designed the RE pattern by arranging
a single repeating unit. A stereolithography file of the RE pattern was prepared and converted
into a g-code file for 3D printing. Finally, we examined the tensile behavior of the 3D
printed RE patterns using TPU filaments of various hardness. Among the analyzed 3D filaments,
85A_TPU, 87A_TPU, and 95A_TPU were poly (ether-urethane), whereas 75D_TPU
was polycarbonate polyurethane. It was confirmed that the thermal properties and stiffness
of 75D_TPU were higher than those of 85A_TPU, 87A_TPU, and 95A_TPU because of
the increasing hard-segment ratio. Additionally, based on the various hardness types of
TPU filaments, the Poisson's ratio (ν) and the tensile properties of the 3D printed auxetic RE
pattern were investigated. The 3D sample printed with 75D_TPU, which had a high hardness
filament, was the stiffest, whereas samples printed with 85A_TPU showed the highest
flexibility and achieved a significantly improved negative Poisson's ratio effect. Therefore,
based on the mechanical properties of 3D printing auxetic samples and the hardness of
TPU filaments, basic research data are provided for the fabrication of footwear functional
auxetic pattern/textile composites using FDM 3D printing technology.
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