Enhancing Flame Retardancy of Cotton Fabrics via Formation of Layer-by-layer Assemblies of Polyacrylic Acid and Calcium Phosphate
Vol. 57, No. 5, pp. 271-280,
Oct. 2020
10.12772/TSE.2020.57.271
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Abstract
This study was conducted to impart flame retardancy to cotton fabrics while
maintaining their mechanical properties and appearance under environmentally friendly
and room-temperature conditions. Anionic functional groups were prepared by adding
polyacrylic acid to the cotton fabric. Calcium phosphate was grafted to polyacrylic acid by
inducing a reaction between calcium ions and ammonium phosphate. In this layer-by-layer
(LBL) deposition, 20 layers were formed. The results of a vertical flammability test revealed
that the combustion of the multilayered fabrics was delayed and that the fabric structures
were maintained, even after the combustion process. Thermogravimetric analysis showed
that the residues of the multilayered cotton increased to 17% at temperatures above
500 °C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the production of calcium phosphate.
These results indicate that calcium ions reacted with and were grafted to the carboxyl
groups of polyacrylic acid, and that the grafted calcium ions reacted with ammonium
phosphate to generate calcium phosphate. These findings suggest that LBL deposition can
be performed with calcium phosphate to produce cotton fabrics with improved flame
retardancy in an environmentally friendly manner.
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