Barley Straw Cellulose Fiber Isolation Using Pressurized Aqueous Ethanol, Ultrasound, and Bleaching Processes 


Vol. 25,  No. 12, pp. 4601-4618, Dec.  2024
10.1007/s12221-024-00767-2


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  Abstract

The main objectives of this study were to determine the optimum conditions of ultrasound (US) treatment to remove non-cellulosic biomass from barley straw residues, evaluate the effect of US treatment on the characteristics of acidified sodium chlorite (ASC)- or alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP)-bleached cellulose fibers, and compare the characteristics of cellulose fibers obtained after AHP and ASC bleaching. First, barley straw was treated by pressurized aqueous ethanol (PAE), then US treatment (400-1200 W/20 kHz/10-40 min) and ASC (1.7%/75 °C/2-6 h) or AHP bleaching (20%/75 °C/2-6 h) were performed to obtain cellulose fibers. Chemical composition, color, crystallinity, changes of functional groups, and morphology of cellulose fibers obtained were determined. The PAE treatment at 200 °C and 50 bar using 20% ethanol followed by US treatment at 1200 W/40 min removed most of the hemicellulose (92.9 ± 0.1%) and half of the initial lignin content, resulting in a cellulose-rich residue. Then, 99.1 ± 1.1 of hemicellulose and 86.5 ± 0.6% of lignin were removed after bleaching for 6 h. The highest purity of the barley straw cellulose fiber was 91.1 ± 2.3%, obtained after PAE + US + AHP bleaching for 6 h. At this optimum condition, the resultant cellulose fibers had crystallinity index of 38.9% without changing cellulose I structure. Morphology images revealed that the US treatment reduced the diameters of cellulose fibers to 3.54 and 4.42 μm after PAE + US + ASC and PAE + US + AHP bleaching for 6 h, respectively.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

Z. Liu and M. D. A. Saldaña, "Barley Straw Cellulose Fiber Isolation Using Pressurized Aqueous Ethanol, Ultrasound, and Bleaching Processes," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 25, no. 12, pp. 4601-4618, 2024. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-024-00767-2.

[ACM Style]

Zhengjie Liu and Marleny D. A. Saldaña. 2024. Barley Straw Cellulose Fiber Isolation Using Pressurized Aqueous Ethanol, Ultrasound, and Bleaching Processes. Fibers and Polymers, 25, 12, (2024), 4601-4618. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-024-00767-2.

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