pISSN : 1229-9197 / eISSN : 1875-0052
Fibers and Polymers, the journal of the Korean Fiber Society, provides you with state-of-the-art
research in fibers and polymer science and technology related to developments in the textile
industry. Bridging the gap between fiber science and polymer science, the journal’s topics
include fiber structure and property, dyeing and finishing, textile processing, and apparel science.
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Latest Publication (Vol. 27, No. 2, Feb. 2026)
Advances in Electrospun Nanofibers for Biomedical Engineering
Seokgyu Kwon Sangmin Shim Kyung-Hyun Yu Myeongsu Seong Dasol Lee
Electrospinning is one of the techniques used for nanofiber fabrication, enabling the precise production of ultrafine nanofibers ranging from nanometers to micrometers in size. Compared to other nanofiber fabrication methods, electrospinning offers advantages such as a simple process, cost-effectiveness, and the ability to utilize a wide range of materials, making it highly versatile. Electrospun nanofibers exhibit a high surface area-to-volume ratio, a highly porous structure, tunable alignment and surface properties, and a structure that naturally mimics the extracellular matrix. These properties enhance their compatibility with biological environments, making them highly effective for biomedical engineering applications. Furthermore, the incorporation of nanoparticles and crosslinking agents can further enhance their mechanical strength, flexibility, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties, leading to extensive research in biomedical engineering fields. This review discusses the principles of electrospinning and provides a comprehensive overview of recent studies on the biomedical engineering applications of electrospun nanofibers, focusing on tissue engineering, wound dressing, drug delivery, and biosensors, while also exploring potential future research directions.
Preparation and Characterization of Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Bio-based Polyamide 56/510
Xiaocong Shi Li Chen Yucong Liu
Using electrospinning, bio-based polyamide 56 (PA56) and polyamide 510 (PA510) were fabricated into nanofiber membranes for use as positive electrode materials in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The results showed that under a mass fraction of 6%, a voltage of 10 kV, a flow rate of 0.8 mL/h, and a collecting distance of 15 cm, the PA56 nanofiber membrane exhibited uniform morphology with an average fiber diameter of 326.9 ± 6.6 nm. Similarly, under the same mass fraction, voltage, and collecting distance but with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/h, the PA510 membrane also showed good morphology, with an average fiber diameter of 546.5 ± 10.5 nm. At 4 Hz, the PA56-based TENG generated a maximum open-circuit voltage of 17.1 V and a short-circuit current of 2.1 μA, while the PA510-based TENG produced 25.2 V and 2.4 μA. In wearable applications, the PA510-based TENG produced open-circuit voltages of 3.5 V, 2.1 V, 4.9 V, and 3.4 V during simulated arm swinging, elbow bending, hand clapping, and walking motions, respectively, and successfully powered patterned LED displays. After 100 mechanical cycles, the output voltage of PA56- and PA510-based TENGs decreased by 7.5% and 9.1%, respectively, due to fiber surface damage. Both TENGs maintained stable open-circuit voltages over 120 days of sealed storage at room temperature.
Cellulose Nanofibers/Na-Bentonite and MXene Multilayer Alternating Films with Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Sitian Qu Tao Lin Xuefeng Yin Luyi Xing Chenyang Li Guoqiang Peng
The rapid advancement of information technology has led to an increase in electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues, as electronic devices are now widely utilized, requiring materials with greater versatility. This study developed an efficient preparation method utilizing alternating vacuum filtration (AVF) technology to overcome this issue. Through the precise control of the deposition sequence of cellulose nanofibers (CNF)/Na-bentonite (NB) and MXene conductive layers, this study successfully prepared CNF/NB–MXene composite films with a well-structured alternating layered structure. The composite film exhibited a distinctive "brick–mortar" architecture, imparting favorable mechanical properties (i.e., 8.17 MPa tensile strength). Measuring 41 μm thick, the composite film exhibited a conductivity of 189.6 S m–1, along with EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 34.3 dB and SE per unit thickness (SE/t) of 8365.85 dB cm–1 in the X-band. Furthermore, the composite film demonstrated a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 36.5% and a residual carbon content exceeding 70%, which indicated exceptional flame retardancy. Consequently, the alternating layered composite film exhibited superior EMI performance and flame-retardant performance, making it particularly advantageous in harsh environments such as high temperatures.
Fabrication of Urushiol/HPC-Modified PVA Nanofiber Membranes via Electrospinning for Heavy Metal Adsorption in PCB Wastewater
Li Wei Chunxia Chen Mengdan Wei Bing-Chiuan Shiu Qian-Yu Yuan Jia-Horng Lin
In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) served as the raw material for fabricating nanofiber membranes via electrospinning. PVA was modified by incorporating urushiol (UR) extracted from lacquer trees. Urushiol is rich in polyphenolic hydroxyl groups (–OH), which exhibit strong chelating affinity for heavy metals. The hydroxyl groups on the PVA molecular chain provide additional adsorption sites, synergistically enhancing metal ion capture efficiency alongside urushiol. This modification also reduces the water solubility of PVA and improves its chemical resistance. In addition, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was introduced as an additive, increasing the tensile strength of the PVA nanofiber membrane by 6.8 times. Beyond offering basic adsorption sites, HPC facilitates metal ion capture through hydrogen bonding and weak coordination. The enhanced mechanical properties enable the detachment of adsorbed heavy metals via centrifugation and ultrasonication, allowing cyclic reuse of the membrane. The PVA/HPC/Urushiol nanofiber membrane demonstrated an adsorption efficiency exceeding 97% for Zn2+, Fe3+, and Cd2+ (commonly found in printed circuit board wastewater) during the initial use at pH values of 6.5 and 3. The average adsorption efficiency remained above 85% after two reuse cycles.
Facile Fabrication of Photo-magneto-thermal Assisted Nanofibrous Aerogel for All-Weather Continuous Cleanup of Viscous Crude Oil Spills
Guojun Jiang Zhanghao Xu Xingyao Zeng Xiangyu Ye
Hydrophobic/oleophilic nanofiber aerogels (NFAs) are ideal materials for remediation of oil spills. However, their application for removal of viscous crude oil remains a big challenge. Herein, an all-weather-available NFA, with outstanding photo-magneto-thermal conversion capacities for efficient recovery of high-viscosity oils, was developed via a facile strategy of assembling Fe3O4 nanoparticles and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) along the PAN/PBA NFA skeleton. Benefiting from its hierarchical porous structure, excellent hydrophobicity, and high mechanical stability, the resultant PDMS-Fe3O4@PAN/PBA NFA showed high oil absorption capacities and reusability for various low-viscosity oils/organic solvents. Taking advantage of the photo-magneto-thermal conversion of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, the temperature of composite NFA surface could rapidly reach up to 84.2 °C under solar illumination of 1 kW m-2 and 89.4 °C under the influence of an alternating magnetic field of 7 kA m-1. Noteworthily, PDMS–Fe3O4@PAN/PBA NFA could continuously clean up crude oil with the assistance of pumping force, achieving a high recovery rate of 6.51*103 kg m-3 h-1 under the synergistic effect of photo-magnetic heating. Considering their facile method of preparation and excellent comprehensive properties, the composite NFAs have great prospects for remediation of crude oil spills.
UV-Crosslinked Electrospun Polymer Blends Based Fibrous Membranes With Desired Shape-Memory Effect for Controllable Local Drug Release
Xiaoying Luo Jun Yang Jiang Chen Xianzu Ling Jiayi Jiang Hao Lu Yizao Wan Quanchao Zhang
Thermal-responsive shape-memory polymer fibers represent a promising candidate for controllable local drug delivery systems. In this study, we developed thermo-responsive shape-memory fibrous membranes through electrospinning and UV cross-linking, utilizing a blend of poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), which were loaded with doxorubicin (DOX). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization revealed the formation of three types of electrospun fibrous membranes with fiber diameters measuring 1.8 ± 0.4, 3.0 ± 0.7, and 3.7 ± 1.8 μm, designated as PDC-S, PDC-M, and PDC-L, respectively. The results indicated that the chains of PPDO and PCL are crosslinked by UV irradiation through benzophenone and triallyl isocyanurate. Specifically, PPDO functions as hard segments while PCL serves as switching segments. Further investigation demonstrated that the PDC-M membrane exhibited optimal performance with approximately 90% shape fixity ratio and around 82% recovery ratio alongside favorable mechanical properties. After programming, PDC-M displayed controllable drug release behavior capable of releasing DOX in a two-step manner under thermal stimulation. Consequently, they showed significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy along with improved drug-utilization efficiency. Therefore, the PDC membranes prepared through simple blending and UV crosslinking exhibit the desired shape-memory effect, demonstrating significant potential for local antitumor drug delivery applications.
Optimized Methyl Orange Adsorption on Electrospun Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Polyethyleneimine Nanofibers: Kinetics, Isotherms, and Thermodynamic Insights
Fereshteh Amini Hamid Delavari Shahrokh Ghovvati Reza Poursalehi
This study explores the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye from aqueous solutions using electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/polyethyleneimine (PCL/PEI) nanofibers, highlighting their potential as a reusable and efficient adsorbent. Process optimization was performed using Box–Behnken design (BBD), chosen for its efficiency in evaluating interactions among key parameters—pH, contact time, initial dye concentration, and adsorbent dosage-with minimal experimental runs. The statistical model identified pH and adsorbent dosage as the most influential factors. At optimal conditions (pH 3.8, 230 min, 35 ppm MO, 0.58 g/L adsorbent), the nanofibers achieved 98% removal efficiency. Adsorption behavior fit the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 357.14 mg/g, surpassing many comparable adsorbents. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the process as spontaneous and exothermic. Furthermore, the nanofibers retained over 90% efficiency after four regeneration cycles, indicating promising reusability. These findings demonstrate the practical potential of PCL/PEI nanofibers for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment and offer mechanistic insights for further material development.
Eco-friendly and Fluorine-Free Water-Repellent Finishing for Polyester Using Organic Montmorillonite
Jiani Wu Chengling Sui Junjie Tang Zhengjiang Liu
In this study, the prepared organically modified montmorillonite/polyvinyl alcohol composite material was applied to polyester fabrics via a padding–baking process to endow them with a certain water-repellent ability. The finished polyester fabrics were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, followed by performance testing including water contact angle, hydrostatic pressure, wash resistance, breaking strength, and air permeability, and the water-repellent effects of polyester fabrics treated with different amounts of organo-montmorillonite were also compared. The results showed that the water contact angle of the finished polyester fabric could reach up to 123.698°, and the hydrostatic pressure was 152.66 mmH2O. After five washing cycles, the water contact angle of the fabric decreased by only about 10%, indicating that the polyester fabric achieved good water-repellent effect, which was attributed to the synergistic effect of organo-montmorillonite and polyvinyl alcohol. Furthermore, the breaking strength of the fabric was significantly improved, with the improvement range ranging from 10% to 35%. This study confirmed that montmorillonite, a natural mineral, can be used as a nanomaterial to construct a nano-rough structure on the fabric surface to achieve water-repellent effect, suggesting that montmorillonite has great potential as a fabric finishing agent.
Preparation and X-ray Shielding Performance of Gd₂O₃/Bi₂O₃/WO₃ Modified Polypropylene Fiber Fabrics
Shujin Wu Hiba Moudden Yantao Gao
With the advancement of society and technology, people are increasingly exposed to invisible sources of radiation in daily study, work, and life-such as mobile phones, televisions, computers, medical imaging equipment, and industrial radiographic instruments. There is now an urgent demand for environmentally friendly, lightweight, and flexible X-ray shielding materials. In this study, polypropylene (PP)–Bi₂O₃ and PP–WO₃ composite fibers were prepared by melt spinning, and, innovatively, Bi₂O₃, Gd₂O₃, and WO₃-three high-atomic-number fillers-were synergistically incorporated into the PP matrix in a single melt-spinning step to produce flexible fabrics. The materials were systematically characterized by X-ray shielding tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), single-fiber tensile testing, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and fabric breathability test. The results demonstrate that these fabrics achieve good X-ray shielding performance in the 15–40 keV energy range. The materials combine low weight, high strength, and good thermal stability, can be produced at scale without complex post-processing, and show significant potential for application and market translation in medical diagnostic protection.
Development of Eco-friendly and Sustainable Mosquito Repellent Linen Fabric Using a Mixture of Peppermint, Cinnamon, Garlic Extract, and a Bio-mordant
K. M. Noman Al Hasan Song Kaili Md. Ashraful Islam K. M. Faridul Hasan
Mosquito-transmitted illnesses, such as dengue, chikungunya, and malaria, pose a great threat and curse to human lives in this modern globalized world. Mosquito-repellent textile, a part of protective clothing made from natural plant sources, is a good alternative to chemical repellents and is an environmentally friendly solution. This study focused on developing and analyzing the properties of a sustainable mosquito-repellent finished cellulosic linen fabric using alcoholic peppermint, cinnamon, garlic extract (PCGE), and mango bark mordant. Extracted solutions in different concentration percentages (10, 20, and 30) were applied to the fabric by exhaustion dyeing following a post-mordanting process. Following a modified cage test, the highest 89.33% and 98.68%, and lowest 85.36% and 94.68% repellency were found for samples A and C, respectively. Also, the highest mortality rate for sample C was found at 80% after 24 h of the experiment. The finished fabrics retained a significant mosquito mortality rate (65%) even after 7 washing cycles. following the WHO (World Health Organization) cone bioassay test. In addition, a comprehensive evaluation of wash durability, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), extracted solutions absorbance, ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), physical and color fastness properties, allergic reaction, and shelf-life was performed. This study presents a novel approach of combining multiple natural plant-sourced ingredients that repel mosquitoes with durability, provide ultraviolet (UV) protection, and are non-allergenic. The goal of this study follows the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12 (Sustainable Production) and 13 (Climate Action), by developing an applicable and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic chemical-based repellents.