Highly Flexible and Stretchable TPU/PDA/MWCNTs/GO Flexible Strain Sensors for Human Motion Detection 


Vol. 26,  No. 7, pp. 2729-2739, Jul.  2025
10.1007/s12221-025-01003-1


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  Abstract

Traditional sensors have many limitations in their use due to rigidity and brittleness. The new flexible strain sensors are characterized by good bending flexibility, wide detection range and high sensitivity. In this paper, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) prepared by electrospinning technology is used as the flexible substrate, carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are used as the conductive filler, and graphene (GO), which has a conductive synergy with MWCNTs, is introduced to improve the sensing performance. To improve the mechanical properties of the TPU fiber membrane, as well as the loading and adsorption fastness of MWCNTs, polydopamine (PDA) was used to modify the TPU fiber membrane to obtain the TPU/PDA fiber membrane, and the TPU/PDA/MWCNTs/GO sensors were prepared by depositing the MWCNTs/GO conductive fillers onto the TPU/PDA fiber membrane in situ via ultrasonic process. The sensor can reach 760% strain, 10.4 MPa tensile strength, and 5.3 Ω/SQ sheet resistance. The gauge factor is 41.57 at 0–200% strain, and the ΔR/R0 (%) is about 90, 280, 966, and 2803 at 5%, 10%, 50%, and 100% strain cycling, respectively. The sensor is stable in voltammetric characterization from -6 to 6 V, and the response time is 59 ms. The stability and durability of the sensor are good, and the electrical signal changes are stable in different stretching speeds, 800 cycles at 10% strain tests. Finally, it was applied to human motion detection, such as knuckle bending, knee bending, face muscle shaking, pulse beating, etc. It showed better signal peaks and still maintained good continuity and stability when repeated testing, which proved that the sensor has potential for application.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

L. Pei, L. He, Z. Yang, R. Li, "Highly Flexible and Stretchable TPU/PDA/MWCNTs/GO Flexible Strain Sensors for Human Motion Detection," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 2729-2739, 2025. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-025-01003-1.

[ACM Style]

Lei Pei, Luna He, Zhengrui Yang, and Rong Li. 2025. Highly Flexible and Stretchable TPU/PDA/MWCNTs/GO Flexible Strain Sensors for Human Motion Detection. Fibers and Polymers, 26, 7, (2025), 2729-2739. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-025-01003-1.

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