High-Yield Cellulose Nanocrystals Based on Waste Cotton Fabrics and Its Reinforcement of PVA Composite Films 


Vol. 26,  No. 8, pp. 3573-3583, Aug.  2025
10.1007/s12221-025-01040-w


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  Abstract

The high-value transformation of cellulose-based waste cotton fabrics holds great significance for resolving the dilemmas faced by the textile industry. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), emerging as novel high-value nanomaterials, possess substantial potential in reinforcement applications. This study aimed to explore two aspects: the production of CNCs from waste cotton fabrics and the reinforcement effect of CNCs in PVA composite films. The maximum yield of CNCs, reaching 88.3%, was achieved from cotton fabrics through treatment with 64% H2SO4 at 60 °C for 60 min. Under optimal conditions, the prepared rod-shaped CNCs, obtained using 56% and 64% H2SO4, had lengths of 203.5 ± 64.6 nm and 87.4 ± 23.3 nm, and diameters of 20.6 ± 6.8 nm and 16.1 ± 3.3 nm, respectively. Characterization results demonstrated that CNCs prepared under different conditions exhibited good crystalline structures and thermal stability. However, with an increase in sulfuric acid concentration, the Tonset and Tmax of CNCs showed a decreasing trend. When 5% of the CNCs prepared with 56% and 64% H2SO4 was added to PVA, compared to neat PVA films, the PVA composite films showed improvements in tensile strength by 70.10% and 40.98%, and in elongation at break by 85.68% and 88.97%, respectively. This research offers an effective approach for the high-yield production of CNCs from waste cotton fabrics and their reinforcement applications in PVA composite films.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

H. Guo, X. Ma, T. Zhang, J. Guo, J. Lu, "High-Yield Cellulose Nanocrystals Based on Waste Cotton Fabrics and Its Reinforcement of PVA Composite Films," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 26, no. 8, pp. 3573-3583, 2025. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-025-01040-w.

[ACM Style]

Hong Guo, Xinyi Ma, Tao Zhang, Jing Guo, and Jianjun Lu. 2025. High-Yield Cellulose Nanocrystals Based on Waste Cotton Fabrics and Its Reinforcement of PVA Composite Films. Fibers and Polymers, 26, 8, (2025), 3573-3583. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-025-01040-w.

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