Preparation of Superhydrophobic Cotton Textile Modified with Magnetic Nanoparticle-Loaded PLA/PCL Nanofiber Mats for Efficient Oil–Water Separation 


Vol. 26,  No. 11, pp. 4857-4877, Nov.  2025
10.1007/s12221-025-01125-6


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  Abstract

Ecosystems are increasingly threatened by intensive oil exploitation and frequent oil spills, underscoring the need for efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective separation technologies. In this study, a bio-based, magnetic, and superhydrophobic oil–water separation membrane was fabricated by electrospinning polylactic acid/polycaprolactone (PLA/PCL) nanofibers embedded with magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄) onto the surface of commercial cotton textiles (CT). The Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were synthesized via a hydrothermal route and characterized using FT-IR, XRD, UV–Vis, VSM, and TEM, revealing a uniform spherical morphology with an average diameter of 28.23 nm. Nanofibrous mats containing 1–3 wt% Fe₃O₄ were deposited onto CT to obtain membranes of varying thickness and magnetic responsiveness. The membranes were comprehensively characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TGA, WCA, and tensile strength tests. The incorporation of PCL improved the flexibility and mechanical strength of the PLA matrix, while the addition of Fe₃O₄ significantly enhanced the thermal stability and surface roughness, contributing to increased hydrophobicity (maximum WCA: 155.43°) and superoleophilicity (oil contact angle ≈ 0°). The membranes exhibited excellent oil–water separation efficiency (> 98%), high permeation flux (> 8000 L·m⁻2·h⁻1), and notable oil absorption capacity (18.5 g/g), and could be easily recovered using an external magnet. Furthermore, the membrane maintained its separation efficiency over ten consecutive cycles, demonstrating high reusability. These findings suggest that PLA/PCL/Fe₃O₄-modified CT membranes offer a promising, eco-friendly, and reusable platform for practical oil spill remediation.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

F. Bayram, "Preparation of Superhydrophobic Cotton Textile Modified with Magnetic Nanoparticle-Loaded PLA/PCL Nanofiber Mats for Efficient Oil–Water Separation," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 26, no. 11, pp. 4857-4877, 2025. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-025-01125-6.

[ACM Style]

Fatma Bayram. 2025. Preparation of Superhydrophobic Cotton Textile Modified with Magnetic Nanoparticle-Loaded PLA/PCL Nanofiber Mats for Efficient Oil–Water Separation. Fibers and Polymers, 26, 11, (2025), 4857-4877. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-025-01125-6.

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