A Green Method of Developing Copper Nanoparticle-Based Antiviral Textiles 


Vol. 26,  No. 12, pp. 5465-5474, Dec.  2025
10.1007/s12221-025-01171-0


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  Abstract

The current study outlines the use of a bioreduction process to synthesize copper nanoparticles. Copper sulfate pentahydrate serves as a precursor salt, while lemon leaf extract acts as an eco-friendly bio-reducing agent for synthesizing copper nanoparticles. The formation of copper nanoparticles was characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Attenuated Total Reflectance–Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). UV–visible spectroscopy revealed surface plasmon resonance at 320 nm. The size and shape of the CuNPs were evaluated through TEM investigations, which showed that the typical particle size ranged from 3 to 11 nm. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the biosynthesized CuNPs was analyzed using the broth dilution method against four microbial cultures: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6835, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145. Using the Pad-Dry-Cure technique, these biosynthesized CuNPs were applied to cotton fabric. The developed CuNP-finished cotton fabrics were then evaluated in terms of SEM–EDX, antimicrobial activity, in vitro cytotoxicity (direct method), and UV protection. The antimicrobial activity showed 99.93% antiviral effectiveness against the SARS-CoV-2 virus and over 95% bacterial reduction against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus after 20 washes. The cytotoxicity and UV protection results for the CuNP-finished fabric indicated mild cytotoxicity and very good UV-protective properties, ensuring the commercial viability of the finished fabric for various applications.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

S. Deogaonkar-Baride, T. Tandel, A. Chandel, "A Green Method of Developing Copper Nanoparticle-Based Antiviral Textiles," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 26, no. 12, pp. 5465-5474, 2025. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-025-01171-0.

[ACM Style]

Smita Deogaonkar-Baride, Tanushree Tandel, and Anupama Chandel. 2025. A Green Method of Developing Copper Nanoparticle-Based Antiviral Textiles. Fibers and Polymers, 26, 12, (2025), 5465-5474. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-025-01171-0.

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