Electrospun Graphene Oxide Nanosheets/Polyurethane Nanofibers for Efficient Dye Removal: From Synthesis to Thermodynamic and Kinetic Insights 


Vol. 27,  No. 2, pp. 823-840, Feb.  2026
10.1007/s12221-025-01271-x


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  Abstract

Herein, a series of nanofibrous membranes, based on polyurethane (PU), was prepared by an electrospinning approach for dye removal application from water. PU was synthesized using polycaprolactone via the pre-polymerization method. Following this, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets/PU nanocomposites were produced through the solution casting method. Their structural, thermal, and mechanical features were systematically analyzed. Water contact angle study showed that the prepared nanofibers have a hydrophobic nature, due to the hydrophobic PU and morphological effects, which could maintain the dimensional stability of the prepared membranes in aqueous media. UV/vis spectroscopy was utilized to study the adsorption ability of the nanofibers. Accordingly, methylene blue (MB) was selected as a model pollutant. The influence of various factors, including initial MB concentration, contact duration, temperature, adsorbent dosage, and solution pH, on the adsorption capacity of the nanofibers was investigated. According to thermodynamic and kinetic evaluations, the adsorption of MB onto the membranes is best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order model, indicating that the process occurs via monolayer adsorption. The optimized GO/PU-5 nanofibers achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 30.54 mg g⁻1 and a dye removal efficiency of 98.85%, which was about three times higher than pristine PU. Moreover, thermodynamic evaluation confirmed spontaneous and endothermic adsorption (ΔG= -14.59 kJ mol⁻1, ΔH =+5.90 kJ mol⁻1) for these nanofibers. This study shows that the GO/PU electrospun nanofibers could be introduced as an efficient platform for dye removal from water.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

A. Babaie, M. Salimi, M. Nejatkhah, D. Razzaghi, M. Safajou-Jahankhanemlou, "Electrospun Graphene Oxide Nanosheets/Polyurethane Nanofibers for Efficient Dye Removal: From Synthesis to Thermodynamic and Kinetic Insights," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 823-840, 2026. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-025-01271-x.

[ACM Style]

Amin Babaie, Melika Salimi, Maryam Nejatkhah, Donya Razzaghi, and Majid Safajou-Jahankhanemlou. 2026. Electrospun Graphene Oxide Nanosheets/Polyurethane Nanofibers for Efficient Dye Removal: From Synthesis to Thermodynamic and Kinetic Insights. Fibers and Polymers, 27, 2, (2026), 823-840. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-025-01271-x.

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pISSN : 1229 - 9197
eISSN : 1875 - 0052

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