One-Step Hydrothermal Dyeing with Ag-Doped TiO2 Coating for UV Protection, Superhydrophobicity, Self-Cleaning, Anti-Soiling, and Anti-Icing in Nylon/Spandex Blend Fabrics 


Vol. 27,  No. 4, pp. 1741-1757, Apr.  2026
10.1007/s12221-026-01311-0


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  Abstract

This study investigates a novel one-step hydrothermal method for modifying nylon/spandex blend fabrics through the integration of Ag-doped TiO2, a silane coupling agent, and reactive dyes, aiming to enhance multifunctionality including UV protection, superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, anti-soiling, and anti-icing properties. The treated fabrics exhibited a water contact angle of 151.5°, signifying exceptional superhydrophobicity, and a UV protection factor of 500, indicating superior UV shielding. Self-cleaning efficiency was demonstrated by the formation of stable liquid droplets on the surface, while anti-soiling and anti-icing tests confirmed effective dirt and ice repellency. Mechanically, the Ag-doped TiO2 modification improved stretch, bending, shear, and compression performance, reduced surface roughness and friction, and altered elastic recovery, with wale stretch recovery decreasing from 80.6 to 9.7% and course recovery increasing from 73.9 to 78.0%, reflecting enhanced course elasticity but compromised wale recovery due to modified fiber–matrix interactions and increased surface stiffness. Colorimetric analysis (CIELAB and K/S values) revealed enhanced color depth and stability, with excellent color fastness (grade 5) maintained post-washing, despite minimal influence from fluorosilicon-induced hydrophobicity on dye penetration. This efficient, cost-effective modification process yields high-performance multifunctional textiles, suitable for applications in sportswear, outdoor apparel, and other advanced textile products.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

H. Wang, H. Zhang, X. Xuan, C. Tian, Q. Che, L. Hou, Y. Song, "One-Step Hydrothermal Dyeing with Ag-Doped TiO2 Coating for UV Protection, Superhydrophobicity, Self-Cleaning, Anti-Soiling, and Anti-Icing in Nylon/Spandex Blend Fabrics," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 1741-1757, 2026. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-026-01311-0.

[ACM Style]

Hong-Li Wang, Hui Zhang, Xiang-Tao Xuan, Cheng-Cheng Tian, Qiu-Ling Che, Lin Hou, and Yue-Yue Song. 2026. One-Step Hydrothermal Dyeing with Ag-Doped TiO2 Coating for UV Protection, Superhydrophobicity, Self-Cleaning, Anti-Soiling, and Anti-Icing in Nylon/Spandex Blend Fabrics. Fibers and Polymers, 27, 4, (2026), 1741-1757. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-026-01311-0.

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pISSN : 1229 - 9197
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