3D Color Grading Approach for Wool Using Visual and Instrumental Analysis in Multiple Color Spaces: A Modern Perspective on Wool Color Grading 


Vol. 27,  No. 4, pp. 1905-1917, Apr.  2026
10.1007/s12221-026-01350-7


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  Abstract

The accurate color grading of wool plays a pivotal role in determining the quality and performance of the resultant yarn and fabrics, and it is considered a key parameter in international wool trade. Conventionally, wool fibers are being assessed visually by trained classer, supported by the instrumental measurements based on conventional color attributes such as Y (brightness) and Y–Z (yellowness). However, these limited attributes do not represent discoloration, dark fibers, and trash content, often resulting in the discrepancies between visual and instrumental grading systems. Our research work proposes an improved and comprehensive approach to wool color grading as it incorporates multiple colors spaces and illuminants to represent color in a three-dimensional (3D) model that aligns more closely with human visual perception. Additionally, the effects of geometrical configurations and light sources on instrumental color measurements are also investigated. For wool color grading appropriate for international trade, the suggested system provides a more precise, dependable, and consistent approach by bridging the gap between subjective visual judgment and objective instrumental assessment.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

N. Khan, F. Hussain, C. Lee, "3D Color Grading Approach for Wool Using Visual and Instrumental Analysis in Multiple Color Spaces: A Modern Perspective on Wool Color Grading," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 1905-1917, 2026. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-026-01350-7.

[ACM Style]

Nayab Khan, Fiaz Hussain, and Changwoo Lee. 2026. 3D Color Grading Approach for Wool Using Visual and Instrumental Analysis in Multiple Color Spaces: A Modern Perspective on Wool Color Grading. Fibers and Polymers, 27, 4, (2026), 1905-1917. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-026-01350-7.

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