Luminescent Sensing Smart Yarns for Human Motion Visual Monitoring: Multiple Optimization Strategies and Performance Studies 


Vol. 27,  No. 4, pp. 2045-2059, Apr.  2026
10.1007/s12221-026-01340-9


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  Abstract

Aiming at the problems of poor fastness, low sensitivity and poor repeatability of PPy coating of spandex filament sensor, FeOOH scaffold modification, pre-stretching and doping agent control were used to optimize the structure of PPy coating and sensing properties. ZnS:Cu2+ fluorescent layer for visual sensing were also composite for luminescent sensing. The results showed that the FeOOH scaffold significantly improved the deposition of PPy leading to more continuous conductive layer, better current transmission, higher sensitivity and fastness. The 90%PPy/FeOOH/PU composite achieved weight gain of 8.47%, with a surface resistance reduced to 3.72 kΩ/cm and lower fluctuation. Under 300% strain, the resistance change rate exceeded 4242.88%. Pre-stretching treatment reduced the PPy weight gain, increased resistance, decreased sensitivity and improved cycle stability and fastness, giving PPy fold structure. Pretreatment with 90% pre-stretching notably enhanced the yarn’s tensile properties. The breaking strength increased by 95.7% to 0.45 cN/dtex compared with no pre-stretching samples. At the strain of 150% the sensitivity was 17.70. The introduction of dopants significantly reduced the resistance change rate of the yarn, but greatly improved washing and peeling fastness and the sensing durability. The LGS doped yarn achieved the best balance between sensitivity and durability. 90%LGS/PPy/FeOOH/PU showed low hysteresis, and it can still achieve a resistance change rate of 126.95% during the stretching process, indicating that it has excellent sensing performance and cycle stability. The sensing yarn showed potential application to detect human body movements. PDMS-to-curing agent ratio of 9:1 resulted in the best flexibility and ZnS:Cu2+:PDMS ratio of 1.5:1 yielded optimal optical performance, with a luminance of 7.70 cd/m2. The final yarn exhibited excellent luminescent sensing application of human body movement (resistance change rate of 67.88%) in the dark environment. It can provide active nighttime luminescent warnings while monitoring movement.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

J. He, C. Lu, Y. Chen, S. Min, X. Xian, Z. Wang, S. Wu, X. Du, "Luminescent Sensing Smart Yarns for Human Motion Visual Monitoring: Multiple Optimization Strategies and Performance Studies," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 2045-2059, 2026. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-026-01340-9.

[ACM Style]

Jiajia He, Chenxi Lu, Ying Chen, Shengnan Min, Xinru Xian, Ze Wang, Shan Wu, and Xiuli Du. 2026. Luminescent Sensing Smart Yarns for Human Motion Visual Monitoring: Multiple Optimization Strategies and Performance Studies. Fibers and Polymers, 27, 4, (2026), 2045-2059. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-026-01340-9.

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