Flame Resistant Cotton Fabric Containing Casein and Inorganic Materials Using an Environmentally-Friendly Microwave Assisted Technique 


Vol. 21,  No. 10, pp. 2246-2252, Oct.  2020
10.1007/s12221-020-9965-x


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  Abstract

New methods for formulating flame retardant cotton fabrics have been achieved by applying a microwave-assisted technique with low amounts of solvent. Trials using cotton fabrics treated with casein from bovine milk and eco-friendly inorganic materials, urea and diammonium phosphate, were completed successfully. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), 45 o angle (clothing textiles test), and limiting oxygen index (LOI) tests were carried out for the treated cotton fabrics. When the treated fabrics were tested using the 45 o angle flame, the ignited fabrics self-extinguished and left behind a streak of char. Treated higher add-on fabrics were neither consumed by flame, nor produced glowing embers upon self-extinguishing. All untreated cotton fabrics showed limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of about 18 % oxygen in nitrogen. For formulations with casein, urea and diammonium phosphate, LOI values of treated fabrics were 32.0-44.0 % oxygen in nitrogen when add-on values for the formulation were 9.71-23.5 wt%. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to characterize the chemical structure on the treated fabrics, as well as, the surface morphology of char areas of treated and untreated fabrics.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

S. Chang, B. Condon, J. Smith, S. Nam, "Flame Resistant Cotton Fabric Containing Casein and Inorganic Materials Using an Environmentally-Friendly Microwave Assisted Technique," Fibers and Polymers, vol. 21, no. 10, pp. 2246-2252, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-020-9965-x.

[ACM Style]

SeChin Chang, Brian Condon, Jade Smith, and Sunghyun Nam. 2020. Flame Resistant Cotton Fabric Containing Casein and Inorganic Materials Using an Environmentally-Friendly Microwave Assisted Technique. Fibers and Polymers, 21, 10, (2020), 2246-2252. DOI: 10.1007/s12221-020-9965-x.

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