Research on Thermal Runaway Fire Prevention and Suppression Technology for Mobile ESSs 


Vol. 40,  No. 6, pp. 13-20, Dec.  2025
10.14341/JKOSOS.2025.40.6.136


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  Abstract

Methods for preventing and suppressing thermal runaway fires in mobile energy storage systems (ESSs) using spent electric vehicle batteries were investigated. Thermal runaway prevention and suppression experiments were conducted on a 6.48 kWh dummy battery pack and a genuine 64.8 kWh battery pack. The surface of a single cell within the battery pack was heated at 7℃/min to induce thermal runaway. The pack was monitored for the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), an indicator of the approach of thermal runaway. On the detection of VOCs, 13.4 kg of CO2 was injected into the pack as a coolant, which prevented the onset of thermal runaway. In this way, all cells were preserved without damage. In a second experiment, when a thermal runaway fire was allowed to occur, injecting 63.7 kg of water into the pack not only suppressed the fire but also halted the propagation of thermal runaway, preventing the complete destruction of all cells. The results demonstrated that thermal runaway in spent electric vehicle battery packs can be prevented and suppressed through appropriate action. These results are expected to be applicable to the development of embedded fire suppression systems for electric vehicles.

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  Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

홍승태, "Research on Thermal Runaway Fire Prevention and Suppression Technology for Mobile ESSs," Journal of the Korean Society of Safety, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 13-20, 2025. DOI: 10.14341/JKOSOS.2025.40.6.136.

[ACM Style]

홍승태. 2025. Research on Thermal Runaway Fire Prevention and Suppression Technology for Mobile ESSs. Journal of the Korean Society of Safety, 40, 6, (2025), 13-20. DOI: 10.14341/JKOSOS.2025.40.6.136.

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