Morphological Characteristics According to the 3D Printing Extrusion Temperature of TPU Filaments for Different Hardnesses
Vol. 59, No. 1, pp. 36-46,
Feb. 2022
10.12772/TSE.2022.59.036
PDF
Abstract
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is used in various fields because of its excellent
elasticity, flexibility, mechanical strength, and shock absorption. In particular, in the fused
deposition modeling (FDM), in which layers are extruded by heating and melting thermoplastic
materials through a nozzle, the adhesion and mechanical properties of the
output are affected according to the nozzle temperature. In this study, six types of TPU
filaments with various hardnesses (65A, 75A, 80A, and 85A) were manufactured through
commercial chip and synthesis (comp) and extruded under five nozzle temperature conditions
(190 °C, 200 °C, 210 °C, 220 °C, and 230 °C). Then, the most suitable nozzle temperature
for the filament was confirmed, and the re-entrant pattern was printed. Extruded
filaments and printed re-entrant patterns were analyzed through morphology analysis.
Finally, the tensile properties of the two samples of the optimal printed condition for
FDM 3D printing were examined. Consequently, the optimal nozzle temperature of each
TPU filament was confirmed as 190 °C for Chip-65A, 210 °C for Chip-75A, 210 °C for Chip-
80A, 200 °C for Chip-85A, 210 °C for Comp-75A, and 200 °C for Comp-85A. Through printing
re-entrant patterns and morphologies, Chip-75A and Comp-75A were considered to
be the most suitable for 3D printing. The tensile properties showed that Chip-75A was
more flexible than Comp-75A.
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