pISSN : 1229-9197 / eISSN : 1875-0052
Fibers and Polymers, the journal of the Korean Fiber Society, provides you with state-of-the-art
research in fibers and polymer science and technology related to developments in the textile
industry. Bridging the gap between fiber science and polymer science, the journal’s topics
include fiber structure and property, dyeing and finishing, textile processing, and apparel science.
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Latest Publication (Vol. 25, No. 5, May. 2024)
Polycaprolactone-Based Composite Electrospun Nanofibers as Hybrid Biomaterial Systems Containing Hydroxyl- or Carboxylic Acid-Functionalized Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes
Y. Emre Bulbul Nursel Dilsiz
Composite electrospun nanofibers based on polycaprolactone (PCL) have shown promise in various biomedical applications due to their unique properties. This study investigates the effects of incorporating hydroxyl (–OH)- or carboxylic acid (–COOH)-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into PCL matrices. Two types of functionalized additives, MWCNT-OH and MWCNT-COOH, were used at different concentrations (0.06 and 0.12 wt%). Various characterization techniques including FTIR, XRD, AFM, SEM, water contact angle analysis, and tensile strength testing were employed to evaluate changes in nanofiber morphology, crystallinity, surface topography, wettability, and mechanical properties. In addition, in vitro cytotoxicity assays were conducted using HUVECs and L929 fibroblasts over 1-, 3-, and 5-day intervals. This study represents a novel examination of (–OH)- and (–COOH)-functionalized MWCNTs as additives in electrospun PCL biopolymer matrices. The findings indicate that incorporating small amounts of (–OH)- or (–COOH)-functionalized MWCNTs enhances the physicochemical characteristics of PCL nanofibers, making them more suitable for biomedical applications. While both types of functionalized MWCNT additives improved properties compared to pure PCL nanofibers, (–COOH)-functionalized MWCNT-incorporated nanofibers exhibited the most favorable features. In conclusion, this research highlights the potential of tailored PCL-based composite nanofibers containing functionalized MWCNTs as advanced biomaterial systems for biomedical applications, contributing to the development of innovative biomaterials for diverse biomedical contexts.
A Sulfonic-Functionalized Cellulose Adsorbent for the Rapid Removal of Cerium (III) from Aqueous Solutions
Lei Tan Xiuzhi Bai Rui Yao Zengjin Fu Jing Wang Yicheng Wang Tingrui Lin Yan Hao Hui Yang Huimin Yang Huazheng Sai
The biodegradable biomass adsorbent (cellulose-g-PSS) was synthesized in LiCl/N, N-dimethyl acetamide by the free-radical grafting polymerization reaction between sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) and cellulose. Systematic optimization was conducted on many reaction parameters, including reaction time, monomer dosage, and reaction temperature. The grafting yield of cellulose-g-PSS was 50.16%. The chemical structures, physical, and chemical characteristics of cellulose-g-PSS were characterized by FTIR, SEM, PZC, 1H NMR, XRD, TGA and XPS. An assessment was conducted to determine the sorption of Ce (III) on cellulose-g-PSS by changing the contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, initial Ce (III) concentration, and NaCl concentration. The process of adsorption rapidly reached a state of equilibrium within a time frame of 25 min and was well explained using pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity for Ce (III) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm model was 84.80 mg·g-1. The impact of NaCl concentration on the sorption of Ce (III) and XPS analysis showed that Ce (III) ions were adsorbed onto cellulose-g-PSS through ion-exchange mechanism. As a whole, cellulose-g-PSS exhibited great potential in rare earth wastewater treatment.
Modification of Poly(Lactic Acid) Non-Woven Fabric for Enhanced Oil–Water Separation
Dongli Ren Zidong Guo Weiqiang Song Zhenyu Guo Hao Liu Miaoming Huang Wentao Liu
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) non-woven fabric has the advantages of wide source of raw materials, low manufacturing cost, and completely biodegradable and pollution free, and it is gradually applied to the field of oil–water separation. Herein, a simple and low-cost method for oil–water separation was proposed using modified poly(lactic acid) non-woven fabric, which has the advantages of biodegradability. PLA non-woven fabric was immersed in xylene and trimethylpropyl silane (95/5) suspension containing titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, and the immersion temperature and time were taken as variables. The prepared non-woven fabrics were studied using SEM, DSC, ATR-FTIR, etc. The results show that the modified fabric can achieve superhydrophobicity, which can be attributed to the combined effect of titanium dioxide deposition on the surface of PLA fabric and the formation of dense porous structures in the surface layer. The prepared PLA non-woven fabric shows excellent oil–water separation effect. This work takes into account the advantages of both low cost and environmental friendly, demonstrating a promising method for the oil–water separation.
Improved Plating Adhesion of Polyarylate Fibers via Supercritical CO2 and Impregnation of Slightly Soluble Oil on the Fiber Surface
Tomoki Sakai Isao Tabata Teruo Hori Kazumasa Hirogaki
There is a growing demand for conductive fibers with high bending resistance, particularly for applications, such as smart textiles and robot arms. The amount of fiber for such applications can be reduced using high-performance fibers with high tensile properties, such as polyaramid and polyarylate Vectran®). However, because such fibers are crystalline with rigid molecular structures, they poorly adhere to plated films; thus, the plated fibers exhibit poor bending fatigue resistance. To solve this problem, in this study, we expanded polyarylate fiber using supercritical CO2 (ScCO2) and impregnated it with a metal complex (palladium acetate), which acts as a catalyst for electroless plating to induce an anchoring effect. However, because polyarylate fiber has an extremely low polarity, it is difficult to uniformly impregnate it with many metal complexes, even with ScCO2. Generally, an organic solvent is added to tune the polarity of supercritical CO2; however, the metal complex penetrates the fiber, thereby reducing the amount of metal complex near the fiber surface. Therefore, we tuned the polarity of the surface by applying various oils to the fiber surface. The sample electroplated in ScCO2 with oil applied to its surface showed the highest bending fatigue resistance, followed by that treated in ScCO2 without oil, and the sample treated in an aqueous solution showed the lowest. Furthermore, we measured the interfacial adhesion strength of the samples using the microdroplet method, and the same trend was observed.
Multifunctional Fabric Leveraging Coating of Bio-based Waterborne Polyurethane
Yangyi Sun Xue Tian Zhijie Chen Sheng Dai Ningning Xiao Neng Qian Guowu Lin Kunlin Chen Dongming Qi
Multifunctional fabrics that integrate with UV protection, flame retardancy, and antimicrobial performance promise significant applications ranging from smart wear/clothes to biomedical devices. However, the endeavor to design and manufacture multifunctional fabrics using a singular technological approach remains profoundly challenging, primarily due to the interactions of different functions, as well as the requirements for sustainability and cost-effectiveness during the manufacturing process. Here, we devised a novel multifunctional fabric through the rational design of a multicomponent coating that enables UV protection, flame retardancy, and antimicrobial performance for coated fabrics. In this coating, bio-based waterborne polyurethane prepared from polyurethane prepolymers, and modified castor oil biomass can endow a fabric with flame retardancy, and antimicrobial properties induced by the functional compositions of castor oil, glycerophosphate, and 2-chloro-4,6-diamide-1,3,5-triazine (CDT), while UV-531, ultraviolet absorber that is chemically incorporated as the ends of the bio-based waterborne polyurethane, offers UV protection function for the fabric. The as-devised fabrics exhibit effective flame retardancy (limiting oxygen index 27.4%), strong UV protection (ultraviolet protection factor = 106), and excellent antimicrobial properties (antibacterial rate > 95.6). This work paves a practical engineering approach for creating high-performance multifunctional fabrics with sustainable and designable features.
Impact of NaOH Treatment on the Chemical, Structural, Physico-mechanical, and Thermal Characteristics of Jute Species
Mohammad Abdullah Kaysar Syed Jamal Ahmed Abu Talib Md. Kaosar Jamil Md. Mahmudul Habib Md. Anisur Rahman Dayan Mamun-Or-Rashid Md. Abdul Gafur
Fiber extracted from two species of jute, Corchorus olitorius (tossa) and Corchorus capsularis (white), is chemically treated with different concentrations (1–6 wt%) of NaOH. Chemical composition, crystallinity, fineness, whiteness, surface morphology, mechanical strength, and thermal stability of both untreated and treated fibers from both jute species are studied. The effects of alkali treatments on the two jute species are characterized using chemical composition analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), digital fiber fineness tester, photovoltmeter, universal testing machine (UTM), and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Based on the comprehensive findings, the optimal NaOH treatment concentration was determined to be 5%. The 5% NaOH treatment on both species showed improvements in cellulose content (tossa 13.08%, white 12.88%), crystallinity (tossa 7.81%, white 8.09%), and single fiber strength (tossa 58.61%, white 72.22%). The higher mechanical strength of tossa fiber compared to white jute fiber indicates its potential for composite preparation. On the other hand, the comparatively thinner white jute fiber, when compared to tossa jute fiber, is suitable for blending with cotton or man-made fibers.
Towards the Development of One-Step Scalable Self-Cleaning and Stain-Resistant Coating on Cellulosic Wood
Rashi Gururani Sapan Kumar Pandit Preeti Kumari Aditya Kumar
In this study, hydrophilic cellulosic wood (Tectona grandis) is modified into superhydrophobic wood with the aid of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) and silica nanoparticles (SiO2) using one-step facile method. The prepared superhydrophobic wood possessed water contact angle (WCA) of 167 ± 2° and the sliding angle was less than 4°. The surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and it showed agglomeration of nanostructures on the surface of superhydrophobic wood. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to analyse the functional groups present on the produced wood, and the results showed the existence of - and -groups. The exceptional self-cleaning and stain resistance of modified wood made it suitable for a variety of applications. Also, it is mechanically durable as it underwent and sustained tape peeling, sand abrasion and water jet impact. The modified wood demonstrated excellent durability in exposure to UV and on exposure to solutions of varying pH. This makes the fabricated wood suitable for various applications.
Enhancing Antibacterial and Water-Repellent Properties for the Production of High-Performance Fabrics in Home Textiles
Zeynep Omerogullari Basyigit Hatice Coskun
In this research, we aimed to enhance the antibacterial activity and water repellency functionalities of single-layer 100% cotton fabrics on both the face and back sides, utilizing conventional methods. Unlike conventional approaches that often rely on lamination or coating techniques to imbue fabric surfaces with distinct properties, our study pursued a cost-effective strategy using traditional textile finishing methods. By integrating double functionality into cotton fabric, we aimed to circumvent the need for additional equipment and high initial costs associated with other techniques. To achieve this, we improved the antibacterial activity of the fabrics through the incorporation of silver ions in the pad-dry process. Simultaneously, water repellency functionality was introduced through a printing application, where the printing paste, devoid of dyestuff, was combined with functional agents and applied using rotary printing to the fabric’s backside. Following these finishing applications, we conducted comprehensive tests encompassing washing durability, antibacterial efficacy, water repellency, mechanical strength, and fastness properties of the multifunctional fabrics. Characterization tests, including Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and scanning electron microscope analyses (SEM-EDX), were performed. The outcome of our study showcased the successful enhancement of double-functional cotton fabric, featuring water repellency and antibacterial efficiency on distinct sides. Furthermore, the results indicated that these functionalities endured up to 20 washing cycles, with fastness and performance tests consistently achieving peak levels.
Hollow Spongy Phase Change Composite Fiber with Heat Storage Behavior via Photo-Thermal Transition
Liang Wang Qirui Lin Liting Yuan Zhenrong Zheng
A phase change fiber was prepared by loading poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in the hollow fiber (HFF). HFF showed a high loading capability (50-65%) of PEG. The enthalpy value of the phase change fiber (P-HFF) was 94.69 J/g when the PEG loading was 65%. The phase change fiber had a thermoregulation function in the range of 36-40 ℃, and the heat releasing worked for about 280 s. P-HFF had a thermal conductivity of 0.079 Wm-1 K-1. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) were doped in PEG to increase thermal conductivity of P-HFF. With the increase of CNT content, the thermal conductivity of CNT modified phase change fiber (PC-HFF) increased up to 0.125 Wm-1 K-1. Polypyrrole (PPy) was coated on the surface of HFF via in situ polymerization. The prepared photothermal phase change fabric (PPy-PC4-HFF) had a photothermal conversion rate as high as 84.23%. The surface temperature of PPy-PC4-HFF reached 77 ℃ at one solar intensity (1000 W m-2) after more than 700 s of light exposure. The generated heat was efficiently absorbed by the loaded PEG. This type of fiber had a function of thermoregulation that could regulate the temperature of the human body in response to changes of the environment.
Effect of Esterification of Natural Dyes with Glycosides on Dyeing Properties of Natural Fibers in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Jiwei Xu Hongjuan Zhao Qian Zhao Xiaoqing Xiong Laijiu Zheng Chengqi Jiao
The color-rendering abilities of esterified natural dyes are influenced by the structure of their parent dyes and the position at which the ester group is introduced, resulting in low efficiency in screening and synthesizing suitable esterified natural dyes for dyeing natural fibers with supercritical carbon dioxide. In this study, density functional theory was used to quickly screen the parent natural dyes and esterification position of natural dyes. The findings indicated that B3LYP/def2-TZVP level and CAM-B3LYP (ω = 0.01)/def2-TZVP level yield the most accurate UV–vis absorption spectra calculations for natural dyes and their esterified derivatives, as evidenced by the smallest error compared to experimental values. The rutin, the carminic acid, and the icariin as the parent dyes were more suitable for esterification, and the introduction of ester groups solely on the glycosides of these dyes had negligible impact on their color-rendering abilities. Furthermore, considering the influence of ester groups on natural dye solubility, it was observed that the dyeing properties of glycoside esterified products derived from rutin, carminic acid, and icariin were better than those of their parent dyes, rendering them more appropriate for dyeing natural fibers in supercritical carbon dioxide.