pISSN : 1229-9197 / eISSN : 1875-0052
Fibers and Polymers, the journal of the Korean Fiber Society, provides you with state-of-the-art
research in fibers and polymer science and technology related to developments in the textile
industry. Bridging the gap between fiber science and polymer science, the journal’s topics
include fiber structure and property, dyeing and finishing, textile processing, and apparel science.
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Latest Publication (Vol. 26, No. 7, Jul. 2025)
Production and Characterization of Natural Fibre and Porous Biochar Particle Toughened Composite Pipes Prepared Via Prepreg Method
R. Bharath P. A. Jeeva
This research is conducted to evaluate the mechanical and water absorption behavior of the composite pipes based on polyester resin reinforced with pineapple fiber, porous biochar and biosilica filler particles. Prepreg approach was utilized to fabricate the composites reinforced by 40 vol.% pineapple fiber and two different filler reinforcement (porous biochar, biosilica) with varying ratios. After fabrication, the composite pipes were subjected to flexural, hardness, flat-wise and edgewise compression and water absorption tests, followed by the relevant American society of testing and materials (ASTM) standards. From the result data, the mechanical properties of the 3 vol.% biosilica incorporated composite PS3 exhibited higher flexural strength values of 32.47 N/mm2, flatwise compression strength of 18.91 N/mm2 and edgewise compression strength of 21.82 N/mm2. In contrast, the composite P (with 40 vol.% pineapple fiber) showed least water absorption ability of 1.66%. Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis was employed to study the surface topography of the fractured tested specimen surfaces. It is evident that biosilica incorporated composites have superior mechanical properties, increased hardness, and improved interfacial bonding and these composites are better suited for load-bearing and pipeline applications. Furthermore, their altered composition allows for better performance under varying environmental conditions, making them perfect for industrial and structural applications such as automotives, sports, defense, infrastructure and aviation.
Improving Thermal Stability and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Eco-Friendly Bamboo Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites with SiC Particle Integration
M. Saravana Kumar Che-Hua Yang Harikrishnan Pulikkalparambil Francis O. Edoziuno Valentin Romanovski Bashir Salah
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the usage of natural fibers as reinforcements in polymer composites. However, exposure to high temperatures frequently causes problems for these fibers. Ceramic particles, such as silicon carbide (SiC), are added to them to increase their longevity and thermal stability. The impact of SiC particles on the dynamic mechanical and thermal characteristics of woven bamboo fiber hybrid composites is investigated in this work. In an epoxy matrix, different weight fractions of SiC particles (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12%) were added, and the hand layup process was used to create hybrid composites with three layers of bamboo fiber/SiC. Analysis of the hybridization’s synergistic effects was done using both dynamic and thermal mechanics. The findings showed that with a 6% SiC inclusion, the impact strength (59.4%), tensile strength (30.7%), and hardness (5.9%) were all markedly enhanced by the SiC particles. In addition, the 6% SiC reinforcement generated the maximum thermal stability with increased energy absorption and recovery, according to thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The useful contribution of SiC particles to improving the structural and thermal performance of bamboo fiber epoxy composites, which qualifies them for demanding applications, was further validated by fracture analysis.
Machine Learning-Guided Evolutionary Optimization of Compression Molding Parameters for Graphene-Enhanced Jute Fiber Composites
P. Hariharasakthisudhan M. Kandasamy K. Logesh K. Sathickbasha
This study aims to optimize the mechanical properties of graphene-enhanced jute fiber epoxy composites by simultaneously improving open-hole tensile strength (OHTS), elasticity modulus (EM), and failure strain (FS) using a hybrid machine learning approach. A central composite design (CCD) was employed to explore the effects of molding pressure (1–6 MPa), molding temperature (140–190 °C), and graphene content (0.1–2.0 wt.%) on the composite performance. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model trained on experimental data achieved high predictive accuracy (R2 = 0.92–0.94), capturing non-linear dependencies among processing parameters and mechanical responses. Multi-objective optimization using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) integrated with ANN-predicted optimal conditions of 5.967 MPa pressure, 140.176 °C temperature, and 1.980 wt.% graphene. The predicted tensile strength (339.05 MPa), modulus (20.19 GPa), and failure strain (FS) (0.0244 mm/mm) closely matched experimental values with < 9% error. SEM analysis revealed fracture mechanisms including fiber pull-out, delamination, and void formation, emphasizing the need for improved interfacial adhesion and graphene dispersion. This study establishes a robust ANN-NSGA-II framework for accelerating process optimization in bio-based nanocomposites, with potential scalability to diverse sustainable material systems.
Effects of Basalt Fiber Content on the Properties of Ambient-Cured Engineered Geopolymer Composites
N. Shanmugasundaram V. Sreevidya R. Rithu Burniga V. G. Dhanush P. A. Kishore
This study investigates the development of engineered geopolymer composites (EGCs) reinforced with basalt fibers (BF) as a sustainable alternative to conventional cement concrete (CCC). By replacing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with industrial by-products such as fly ash and ground granulated basalt furnace slag (GGBS), these composites significantly reduce carbon emissions. However, to overcome inherent brittleness and flexural strength limitation of EGCs, in this study, different percentage of BF, such as 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%, are reinforced in mix to enhance the performance of EGCs. The research explores the ideal mix of materials through various testing under ambient curing. The experimental results revealed that EGCs reinforced with BF significantly enhance the performance under ambient curing. The mix with 2% of BF exhibited a notable increase in compressive and flexural strength of 68.36 Mpa and 21.23 Mpa, respectively, at 28 days. This is due to improved fiber-matrix bonding. The optimum mix, EGC-F2 (2% basalt fiber), exhibited a notable increase in strength compared to other mixes, this is primarily due to improved fiber-matrix bonding. Similarly, the mix with 2% of BF absorbed lower water and showed superior resistance to chloride ion penetration, ensuring improved long-term performance of EGCs. Additionally, reduced porosity, better fiber dispersion, and strong matrix integrity were observed in the mix using SEM analysis.
Rapid Simulation of Yarn-Level Realism in Fuzzy Yarn Knitted Fabrics
Mingming Song Jiajia Peng Ke Jiang Feng Liu Zhiwen Lu
Simulation of knitted fabrics is of significant importance in the textile industry for enhancing product design efficiency and reducing prototype development costs. However, traditional yarn models often fail to precisely replicate the complex textures and physical behaviors of yarns with abundant fuzziness, which significantly compromises the realism and practical value of simulations. To overcome these limitations, this study proposes an innovative grooved ribbon yarn model that optimizes the geometric construction of yarns, enabling more accurate simulations of fuzziness inter-covering and complex physical behaviors. Utilizing physically based rendering techniques and consumer-grade imaging equipment, the proposed method effectively reduces computational and imaging costs while improving the efficiency of fabric simulation workflows. The simulation results demonstrate that the improved yarn model significantly enhances the precision of simulations, particularly in reproducing the intricate textures and structural continuity of fuzz-rich yarns, thereby offering practical value for textile design and manufacturing applications.
Structural Design and Properties of Self-Generating Electricity Triboelectric Nanogenerator Yarn
Zhipeng Shen Hong Cui Ming Chen
Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) plays an important role in the construction of portable power supplies and self-powered systems. In this paper, two kinds of triboelectric nanogenerating yarns with new structure are designed and developed, which can realize self-electricity. The self-generating electric triboelectric nano-power generation yarn is composed of two triboelectric materials, spacer materials and electrode materials. It is spun by twice core-spinning and once wrap-spinning. The yarn itself can carry out electrical output, so the yarn can be made into any organizational structure and have electrical output performance, which gets rid of the previous heavy triboelectric nano-power generation fabric design. By using polyimide fiber, wool fiber as triboelectric material, polyester yarn as spacer material, and silver-coated nylon filament as electrode material, the design and spinning of the novel structure self-triboelectric nano-power yarn can reach the maximum voltage of 20.40 V and the output voltage of the fabric can reach 45.60 V.
Microbiological and Mechanical Properties of Nonwoven Fabrics Produced with Textile Defibration
Giane Ramos Pereira Ana Julia Dal Forno Fernanda Steffens Brenno Henrique Silva Felipe Catia Rosana Lange de Aguiar
The textile industry has a high production of nonwoven fabrics. Under these circumstances, there is need to innovate in the manufacture of these materials, with a view to minimizing the environmental impact, especially with solid waste reduction. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the behavior of a nonwoven fabric composed of polyester (PES) fibers and textile defibration (TD). First, the fibers used were characterized by identifying mesophilic bacteria and scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, different nonwoven fabric samples were produced with different TD percentages (20, 30, and 40%), as well as a 100% PES control sample. After thermal nonwoven fabric consolidation, the samples underwent tests for resilience, identification of mesophilic bacteria, and tensile strength. The results showed that the presence of up to 30% TD did not harm the fiber veil consolidation in the nonwoven fabric. The samples with 20 and 30% TD in their composition showed the best height recovery behavior compared to the control sample. The tensile strength test showed that TD addition to the nonwoven fabric allowed a positive effect on strength in machine direction (MD). Bacterial inoculation results in the standard samples and with the nonwoven fabric with 30% DT showed a significant reduction for both S. aureus and E. coli throughout the incubation period, reinforcing the biological safety of both production routes. The conclusion is that using TD in nonwoven fabrics is a viable and sustainable practice, reducing waste and creating value-added products.
Research on the Comprehensive Properties of Cotton/Silk Fiber Grinding Knitted Fabrics
Jinfeng Wang Binyue Zhong Weilai Chen
In recent years, the yarn of more knitted fabrics on the market is cotton, and there are also comfortable skin-friendly knitted fabrics from silk, cashmere, and bamboo pulp fibers. To improve the fabric touch, air permeability, and appearance texture, this study explores the four different blended yarns made from silk, cashmere, and bamboo pulp fibers as the raw material, tests and mathematically analyzes the performance of the four blended yarns. We select the appropriate blended yarns, and the knitted fabrics are produced using a TF-S3F4 single-sided weft circular knitting machine, followed by sanding. The durability, comfort, and dimensional stability of the fabrics were explored, and orthogonal experiments were carried out to analyze and determine the blended yarns knitted into fabrics optimal process combination. The results showed that the moisture content of the four blended yarns surpassed 7.5%, with moisture regain rates exceeding 8.5%, suggesting exceptional moisture absorption capabilities. Among the four, the cotton/spun silk blended yarn excels in comprehensive performance. An increase in the grinding rate enhances the fabric’s air permeability, while higher total density results in lower permeability. Through meticulous orthogonal experimentation and analysis, we identified the optimal technology combination for grinding knitted fabric as A2B3C3, which provided a theoretical basis for the preparation of new frosted knitted fabrics.
Fabrication and Characterization of Bio-Aerogel from Mandarin Peel-Based Agricultural Waste
Adem Demir Mehmet Kaya
Natural and recyclable materials have emerged as potential solutions to environmental challenges. The growing challenges posed by waste materials, including paint pollution, demand effective solutions. Therefore, this study presents a promising approach for both the removal of waste materials and the utilization of agricultural wastes, such as mandarin peel. The aerogel sample was prepared by purifying mandarin peel to remove noncellulose components using NaOH treatment. It was then modified with Tween 80 to enhance porosity and absorption, followed by freeze drying. There are very few studies investigating the production of cellulose-derived aerogels from citrus peel extract. In this study, aerogels were obtained for the first time from mandarin peels in which gelation was facilitated only by the interaction of NaOH and pectin instead of traditional solvents, such as NaOH/urea. Various methods were used to evaluate the morphological and chemical properties of the produced aerogel. The dye (methyl orange) absorption capacity of aerogel was investigated in various organic solvents with particular emphasis on water. The average absorption capacity of aerogel in an aqueous solution was found to be 79 g/g water. Furthermore, the specific surface area of this material was calculated to be approximately 154 m2/g. With its high porosity, excellent absorption capacity, and derivation from natural products, this aerogel shows remarkable potential for various applications such as gas absorption, heavy metal removal, and environmental protection.
Development and Characterization of Pineapple Fiber-Based Absorbent Cores for Eco-friendly Sanitary Pads
Jephtah Ogyefo Acquah Ezekiel Edward Nettey-Oppong Emmanuel Essel Mensah Abdul Manan Kayaba Eric Asare
Menstrual hygiene is a critical aspect of women’s health, with sanitary pads being the most commonly used products for managing menstrual flow. However, conventional sanitary pads are often made from non-biodegradable materials, posing significant environmental and health challenges. This study explores the potential of using fibers extracted from pineapple crown leaflets as an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative for the absorbent cores of sanitary pads. We subjected the fibers to an alkali treatment process using sodium hydroxide, and their performance was evaluated through a series of tests, including absorbency, retention, and strike-through time. The treated fibers demonstrated enhanced absorbency, with percentages ranging from 652.74% to 706.34%, and retention capacities between 644.35% and 683.48%. These values surpass those of both untreated fibers and commercial absorbent cores. Additionally, the treated fibers had a faster strike-through time, averaging 1.86 s, compared to 2.04 s for the commercial product. The yield of pineapple crown fibers was calculated to range from 4.075% to 5.365%, highlighting the efficiency of the extraction process. The findings of this study suggest that treated pineapple crown fibers offer superior performance and environmental benefits over conventional materials, positioning them as a promising alternative for sustainable menstrual hygiene products.