pISSN : 1229-9197 / eISSN : 1875-0052
Fibers and Polymers, the journal of the Korean Fiber Society, provides you with state-of-the-art
research in fibers and polymer science and technology related to developments in the textile
industry. Bridging the gap between fiber science and polymer science, the journal’s topics
include fiber structure and property, dyeing and finishing, textile processing, and apparel science.
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Latest Publication (Vol. 26, No. 7, Jul. 2025)
Review of Lignocellulosic Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites for Sustainable Automotive Applications
Samuel Garriba H. Siddhi Jailani C. K. Arvinda Pandian P. Diwahar
Aligned with the objectives delineated by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly “SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) and SDG 13 (Climate Action)”, lignocellulosic fibers present a sustainable and environmentally benign alternative to synthetic materials across a multitude of industrial applications The transition of the automotive sector towards sustainable and lightweight materials has elevated lignocellulosic fiber-reinforced composites as viable alternatives to traditional materials. The incorporation of these bio-based composites is in accordance with rigorous environmental regulations and reflects the industry’s dedication to diminishing vehicle weight and carbon emissions. Lignocellulosic fibers have surfaced as viable substitutes for synthetic fibers, attributable to their sustainability, biodegradability, and outstanding mechanical characteristics. This review article seeks to address the need to expand the research of lignocellulosic fibers for polymer composites. In addition to the widely recognized fibers, this review presents newly discovered or little-explored lignocellulosic fibers. In a similar manner, other than traditional characterization investigations, composite analyses such as acoustic absorption, fiber coating methodologies, machining processes, and vibrational assessments are also emphasized. Considering factors such as fiber variability, fiber hybridization, standardized processing methodologies, challenges and corresponding solutions, as well as the application of lignocellulosic fiber polymer matrix composites in the automotive sector, the sustainability and emerging trends of natural fibers have been thoroughly examined in the pursuit of sustainable material solutions. Furthermore, this review offers suggestions for scholars to further progress in the field of lignocellulosic fibers in automotive engineering.
Highly Flexible and Stretchable TPU/PDA/MWCNTs/GO Flexible Strain Sensors for Human Motion Detection
Lei Pei Luna He Zhengrui Yang Rong Li
Traditional sensors have many limitations in their use due to rigidity and brittleness. The new flexible strain sensors are characterized by good bending flexibility, wide detection range and high sensitivity. In this paper, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) prepared by electrospinning technology is used as the flexible substrate, carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are used as the conductive filler, and graphene (GO), which has a conductive synergy with MWCNTs, is introduced to improve the sensing performance. To improve the mechanical properties of the TPU fiber membrane, as well as the loading and adsorption fastness of MWCNTs, polydopamine (PDA) was used to modify the TPU fiber membrane to obtain the TPU/PDA fiber membrane, and the TPU/PDA/MWCNTs/GO sensors were prepared by depositing the MWCNTs/GO conductive fillers onto the TPU/PDA fiber membrane in situ via ultrasonic process. The sensor can reach 760% strain, 10.4 MPa tensile strength, and 5.3 Ω/SQ sheet resistance. The gauge factor is 41.57 at 0–200% strain, and the ΔR/R0 (%) is about 90, 280, 966, and 2803 at 5%, 10%, 50%, and 100% strain cycling, respectively. The sensor is stable in voltammetric characterization from -6 to 6 V, and the response time is 59 ms. The stability and durability of the sensor are good, and the electrical signal changes are stable in different stretching speeds, 800 cycles at 10% strain tests. Finally, it was applied to human motion detection, such as knuckle bending, knee bending, face muscle shaking, pulse beating, etc. It showed better signal peaks and still maintained good continuity and stability when repeated testing, which proved that the sensor has potential for application.
Scalable Super-hydrophobic Polyurethane/Fluorinated Polyurethane/SiO2 Nanofibrous Membranes for Waterproof and Breathable Application
Xi Yu Guiying Xu Jinfu Huang Xinglei Zhao Jingwei Zhang
Superhydrophobic fibrous materials are highly desirable for improving wearing comfort and protection however, constructing durable superhydrophobic fabrics with excellent moisture permeability and high resistance to water penetration remains a great challenge. Therefore, we present an efficient and facile approach to construct super-hydrophobic polyurethane/fluorinated polyurethane/SiO2 (PU/FPU/SiO2) nanofibrous membranes via the incorporation of electrospinning and hot-pressing. SiO2 nanoparticles are incorporated into the PU/FPU nanofibers, creating a multi-level micro/nano-scale roughness. Specifically, the aggregation of composite nanofibers contributes to micro-roughness, while the addition of SiO2 nanoparticles gives rise to nano-roughness. FPU has an extremely low surface energy. We intend to add FPU to boost the hydrophobicity of the membranes, so as to obtain super-hydrophobic characteristics. Moreover, we comprehensively study the effect of the SiO2 nanoparticles concentration on the hydrophobicity of nanofibrous membranes and also discover the influence of heat treatment temperature on the porous structure of nanofibrous membranes. According to our design, the final membranes are anticipated to show a combination of an outstanding super-hydrophobic surface (water contact angle of 152°), good waterproof and breathable properties (high water vapor transmission rate of 7.9 kg m-1 d-1 and excellent hydrostatic pressure of 59 kPa). This indicates that PU/FPU/SiO2 nanofibrous membranes have great potential for use in the next generation of protective fabrics.
The Effects of Different Co-solvents on the Rheological Property and Spinnability of Dry-Jet Wet Spinning for Heteroacycle Aramid Solutions
Shuheng Liang Zhao Xu Jiayi Zhang Leyuan Shi Wanli Zhou Heng Wang Pengqing Liu Mengjin Jiang
The effects of different metal chloride salts on the solubilization, rheological properties, and the dry-jet wet spinnability of poly(p-phenylene-benzimidazole-terephthalamide) (PBIA) spinning solution are investigated. Results show that LiCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 all have solubilizing effects on PBIA polymer in DMAc solvent, while LiCl is the best co-solvent that works with DMAc. The rheology results indicate that the LiCl co-solvent spinning solution has the lowest viscosity, molecular chain entanglement density, and strongest thixotropy, which theoretically manifests that this solution has the best spinnability. Then, the extrusion situation verifies that the LiCl spinning solution exhibits the best fiber-forming ability and the broadest spinning temperature window. The tensile strength and elongation at break of as-spun fibers reach 4.76 cN/dtex and 30.64%, respectively. This work proves that it is practical to prepare PBIA fibers via the dry-jet wet spinning method, which is of great importance to increase production efficiency and broaden the application field of PBIA fibers.
Optimization of the Hard-Elastic Processing of PVDF Modified Polypropylene Fibers Based on Orthogonal Experimental Method
Yuanyuan Li Yantao Gao Zan Lu Wenfeng Hu
This study explored the process optimization of PVDF-modified hard-elastic PP fibers. Hard-elastic PP/PVDF fibers were prepared through melt blending, spinning, stretching, and post-treatment processes. The optimal processing conditions were explored using an L25(54) orthogonal experiment. Subsequently, under optimized processing conditions, a comparison was made with pure PP fibers to investigate the effect of PVDF incorporation on the hard-elastic behavior of polypropylene fibers. The fibers were characterized using mechanical testing, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), polarizing optical microscopy (PLM), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The experimental results showed that the prepared PP/PVDF blend fibers exhibited typical characteristics of hard-elastic materials. The addition of PVDF effectively promoted the crystallization of PP fibers and enhances the thermal stability of the fiber material. Based on the orthogonal experiment results, when the PVDF content is 36%, the spinning temperature is 250 °C, the draw ratio is 35, and the annealing temperature is 140 °C, the fiber exhibits an elastic recovery rate of 83.25%, an elastic modulus of 3.54 GPa, a tensile strength of 231.21 MPa, and a breaking elongation of 761.16%.
3D Structured Ultralight PBO Nanofiber/Carbon Nanotube Carbon Aerogels with Excellent Conductivity and Notable Cycling Stability for Electrochemical Capacitor
Yujia Zhang Wei Zhang Huaiqi Hu Shun Linghu Shuai Yu Tao Wang Lei Chen
Three-dimensional (3D) conductive carbon aerogels, prepared through high-temperature pyrolysis of biomass or polymer aerogels, have garnered significant attention from researchers as electrode materials due to their unique 3D carbon framework, ultra-low density, excellent electrical conductivity, and large specific surface area. Poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole)/carbon nanotube (PBO-NF/CCNT) carbon aerogel films with excellent electrical conductivity were prepared by combining PBO-NF with CCNT, followed by freeze-drying and carbonization. When the CCNT content was 20% and the carbonization temperature was 900 °C, the obtained carbon aerogel film exhibited high specific surface area (174.64 cm2/g), which was favorable for the ion transport in the electrolyte. The carbon aerogel film showed large specific capacitance (212 F/g), high coulombic efficiency, and remarkable stability of the electrode. In addition, when the current density was increased from 1 to 10 A/g, the capacitance retention was above 91% and remained at 96.2% after 10,000 cycles.
Enzyme-Integrated Polyacrylonitrile/Graphene Nanoplatelet Antibacterial Nanofiber Air Filter for Indoor Bioaerosol Removal
Burcin Bassahinoglu-Aytek Tulay Ergon-Can Faruk Can C. Elif Cansoy Derya Y. Koseoglu-Imer
The recent COVID-19 pandemic has amplified concerns about indoor air quality, emphasizing the need for effective air filtration solutions to address airborne bacteria or bioaerosols that pose substantial health risks in indoor environments. This study presents a novel antibacterial nanofiber filter fabricated by integrating the glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme into polyacrylonitrile/graphene nanoplatelet (PAN/GNP) electrospun nanofibers. The developed filters exhibited a uniform nanofiber morphology, with average fiber diameters ranging from 240 to 377 nm. The GOx-immobilization significantly enhances biocidal activity of GOx@PAN/GNP against aerosolized bacteria, achieving a remarkable 6.76-log reduction with an efficiency of nearly 100%, compared to bare PAN and PAN/GNP composite nanofiber filters. The synergistic effect of GNP and immobilized GOx enhances antibacterial properties and improves bioaerosol removal capability of the filter. These findings highlight the potential of immobilizing GOx on electrospun nanofibers for developing highly effective indoor air filters to combat indoor bioaerosol threats.
Effects of Graphene, Carbon Nanotubes and Boron Nitride Nanotubes on Thermal and Mechanical Performances of Poly(vinyl butyral)-Based Composite Nanofibers
Ozlem Ipek Kalaoglu-Altan
In this study, electrospun poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB)-based composite nanofibers were prepared through the addition of multilayer graphene (MLG), carbon nanotubes (CNT) and boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT) in order to investigate the mechanical and thermophysical properties of the resultant composite nanofibers. Morphological and spectral characterizations confirmed the successful incorporation of the nanofillers in the nanofibers. The tensile testing of the composite nanofibers showed that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the composite nanofibers were improved compared to PVB nanofibers. The thermal conductivity coefficients of the PVB/MLG, PVB/CNT and PVB/BNNT nanofibers, respectively, increased to 32.35 ± 1.23 mW/m.K, 30.28 ± 1.45 mW/m.K and 31.63 ± 1.67 mW/m.K, while that of neat PVB nanofibers was measured as 20.52 ± 0.62 mW/m.K. The results pointed out that all three PVB-based composite nanofibers are promising materials for thermal management applications in textiles.
Influence of Reduced Graphene Oxide@Titanium Dioxide on the Physical and Biological Features of Electrospun Silk Fibroin Mats
Chao Zhang Zhicheng Zhou Xinru Wang Jing Sun Jingjing Liu Yong Liu Ying Li Wei Ye
During the repair of bone defects, the clinical application of biomaterial-based scaffolds is limited by their insufficient mechanical strength and the lack of antibacterial properties. In this study, a reduced graphene oxide (rGO)@titanium dioxide (TiO2) composite was synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Subsequently, rGO@TiO2 was utilized as a reinforcement material to prepare regenerated silk fibroin (RSF)/rGO@TiO2 electrospun composite fibrous mats with enhanced mechanical properties, antibacterial properties, and good biocompatibility. The results indicated that TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully grown on the surface of rGO through covalent bonding (C-O-Ti). Once the content of rGO@TiO2 nanoparticles increased, the average fibrous diameter, β-sheet content, crystallinity, crystallite size, and hydrophilicity of the composite mats gradually decreased. The composite mat prepared using a rGO@TiO2:RSF mass ratio of 1.3:100 exhibited a maximum tensile strength of 1.15±0.06 MPa, representing a 150% increase compared to the pure RSF mat. Under the same conditions, rGO@TiO2 enhanced the antibacterial properties of RSF mats against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to single GO or TiO2. Furthermore, the RSF/rGO@TiO2 mat exhibited excellent biocompatibility, promoting the spreading, adhesion, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells.
Facile Preparation of Nanofiber Aerogel with Micrometer/Millimeter-Sized Pore Structures for Enhanced Oil Recovery Removal
Zhong Zheng Yuchen Chen Zuoxing Yu Guojun Jiang
Nanofiber aerogels (NFAs) have emerged as attractive candidates in the field of oil recovery, thereby mitigating the threats of aquatic environmental pollution on human health. However, the development of advanced NFAs for highly efficient oil removal remains a challenge for materials scientists. In this work, the polyacrylonitrile/polybenzoxazine (PAN/PBA) NFAs with unique dual-scale porous structure consisting of interconnected micrometer- and millimeter-sized pores were successfully fabricated through a facile method. Benefiting from the three-dimensional hierarchical porous architecture, low surface energy of PBA, and robust bonding between PAN and PBA, the developed PAN/PBA-20 NFAs exhibit an ultralow density (8.45 mg cm-3), high hydrophobicity, and ultrahigh absorption capacity (73.81-146.57 g g-1) toward various organic solvents and oils. More importantly, the PAN/PBA NFAs are mechanically robust (they recover 91.71% of their original height after 200 cycles at 80% strain) and demonstrate excellent reusability (they retain more than 90.55% of their initial oil absorption capacity after 10 absorption–squeezing cycles). The novel design provides valuable guidance for the fabrication of advanced NFAs for oil-contaminated wastewater remediation.